警告
本文最后更新于 2019-08-23，文中内容可能已过时。
摘要
需要下载两个安装包unixODBC-2.3.7和mysql-Connector-ODBC 5.3.13
unixODBC源码包http://www.unixodbc.org/unixODBC-2.3.7.tar.gz
mysql-connector-odbc-5.3.13包https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/odbc
版本：5.3.13
平台：Linux - Generic
下载：mysql-connector-odbc-5.3.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86-64bit.tar.gz
或
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| tar -zxf unixODBC-2.3.7.tar.gz
cd unixODBC-2.3.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/unixODBC-2.3.7 --includedir=/usr/include --libdir=/usr/local/lib -bindir=/usr/bin --sysconfdir=/usr/local/etc
make && make install
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安装mysql-connector-odbc（odbc 5.3及以上是libmyodbc5a.so和libmyodbc5w.so。其中c5a是Ansi版，c5w是Unicode版）
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| tar -zxf mysql-connector-odbc-5.3.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86-64bit.tar.gz
cd mysql-connector-odbc-5.3.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86-64bit/lib
cp libmyodbc5w.so /usr/local/lib
cd ..
cd bin
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注册驱动
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| ./myodbc-installer -d -a -n "MySQL ODBC 5.3 Driver" -t "DRIVER=/usr/lib/libmyodbc5w.so;SETUP=/usr/lib/libmyodbc5w.so"
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编辑文件odbc.ini,把下面的内容加上去
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| [mysqldb]
Driver = /usr/local/lib/libmyodbc5w.so
Description = MyODBC 5 Driver DSN
SERVER = 192.168.1.71
PORT = 3306
USER = root
Password = root
Database = test
OPTION = 3
charset=UTF8
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测试
database gateway for odbc简称dg4odbc
oracle 11.2.0.4默认安装了odbc透明网关
验证
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| cd $ORACLE_HOME/hs
dg4odbc
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hs配置
每个使用dg4odbc的实例，都必须单独一个"init*.ora"文件，文件命名规则：init+<网关sid>+.ora
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| cd $ORACLE_HOME/hs/admin
vi initmysqldb.ora
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| HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO = mysqldb
HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL = on
HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME = /usr/lib64/libodbc.so
HS_LANGUAGE= AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8
HS_NLS_NCHAR= UCS2
set ODBCINI=/etc/odbc.ini
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配置监听器
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| vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
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| LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /data/oracle
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = mysqldb) #前面定义的SID
(ORACLE_HOME = /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = dg4odbc) #11g为dg4odbc
)
)
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重启监听后看下myodbc的服务是否已经启动
配置tnsnames.ora
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| vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
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| mysqldb =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = mysqldb) #前面定义的SID
)
(HS=OK)
)
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创建dblink
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| create public database link mysqldb connect to "root" identified by "root" using 'mysqldb';
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检查dblink
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| select * from "test"@mysqldb;
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| SYS@vbox66in>select "id" from t1@myodbc1;
select "id" from t1@myodbc1
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-28500: 连接 ORACLE 到非 Oracle 系统时返回此信息:
[
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原因：有一些内容显示不全，检查odbc监听文件，查看HS_LANGUAGE参数，配置为和数据库字符集一致
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| SYS@vbox66in>select "id" from "t1"@myodbc1;
select "id" from "t1"@myodbc1
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-28500: 连接 ORACLE 到非 Oracle 系统时返回此信息: ORA-28541:
HS 初始化文件的第 8 行发生错误。 ORA-02063:
紧接着 2 lines (起自 MYODBC1)
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原因：NVARCHAR/NCHAR和图形数据类型通常以Unicode格式存储数据。unicode字符集因数据库的不同而不同，需要修改HS_NLS_NCHAR=UCS2
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| SYS@vbox66in>select * from a2@myodbc1;
select * from a2@myodbc1
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-00942: 表或视图不存在
[MySQL][ODBC 5.1 Driver][mysqld-5.7.21-log]Table 'test.A2' doesn't exist
{42S02,NativeErr = 1146}
ORA-02063: 紧接着 2 lines (起自 MYODBC1)
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原因：MySQL数据中是区分大小写的，表需要用双引号引起来